Study on Natural Smoke Exhaust Characteristics of Railway Passenger Station under the Influence of Environmental Wind

In order to study the influence of environmental wind on natural smoke exhaust characteristics, a railway passenger station is selected to study the smoke exhaust effect under windowing modes M1 which to open the windward side window and M2 which to open the leeward side window with the wind speeds of 0 m/s, 3.4 m/s and 10 m/s by FDS software. The laws of smoke movement, temperature field changes and the impact on personnel safety evacuation are compared and analyzed in the station with different working conditions. The results show that when the wind speed is 0 m/s, both windowing modes M1 and M2 can effectively discharge the smoke out of the station. When the wind speed is 3.4 m/s, the windowing mode M1 exhaust time is delayed, the environment wind suppresses the natural smoke exhaust while the windowing mode M2 exhaust time is advanced, and the environment wind promotes the natural smoke exhaust. When the wind speed is 10 m/s strong wind, both of the windowing modes M1 and M2 natural smoke exhaust are invalid. The smoke layer height drops below 2 m from the ground after 600 s, and the visibility decreases to less than 10 m after 800 s, which seriously affects the personnel safety evacuation. Therefore, for the station, the windward exhaust window should be closed and the leeward exhaust window should be opened according to the wind direction to exhaust smoke in case of fire. For strong winds, due to the failure of natural smoke exhaust in both windowing modes M1 and M2, other measures should be taken to exhaust smoke.