Laboratory diagnosis of rickettsial infections

Rickettsial diseases are one of the re-emerging diseases in India. Non-specific signs and symptoms along with lack of availability of highly sensitive and specific test have led to underdiagnosis of rickettsial diseases. Significant mortality and morbidity are caused due to failure to diagnose rickettsial infections early in their course. Rickettsial infections respond dramatically to easily available and inexpensive antimicrobials if diagnosed early. High index of suspicion of possible rickettsial infection and utilisation of various diagnostic methods plays a vital role in the early diagnosis of rickettsial infections. This article addresses the various diagnostic tools available for its diagnosis.