人体热生理状态的模拟

Mykola Pyroh, Iryna Harko, Ksenia Dukhnovska
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摘要

本文分析了在生命维持信息系统开发中,可用于预测人类在不同环境条件下的热生理状态的数学模型。所有考虑的模型的基本要素是热平衡方程。根据这个方程,生物体的总传热必须等于它的热输出。本文考虑了连续血管模型和离散血管模型,分析了它们的优缺点。从本质上讲,连续模型是双温方程的一种简化符号。在这些模型中,血流对单个血管的影响被忽略,血液供应是在所研究的体积上的平均值。离散血管模型是一组描述单个血管血流的双温方程。由于血管几何结构的复杂性和研究的不充分,人体热生理状态的离散血管模型在今天并不十分适用。更常见的是连续体模型,它的构建使用了多单元方法。因此,本文给出了连续模型和使用这些模型的信息系统的比较表。
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Modeling of thermophysiological state of man
This article presents an analysis of mathematical models that can be used to predict the thermophysiological state of man in different environmental conditions in the development of information systems for its life support. The basic element of all considered models is the equation of heat balance. According to this equation, the total heat transfer of the organism must be equal to its heat output. The article considers continuous and discrete-vascular models, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. Continuous models are, in essence, a simplified notation of biothermal equations. In these models, the effect of blood flow on each individual vessel is neglected, and the blood supply is averaged over the volume studied. Discrete-vascular models are a set of biothermal equations that describe the blood flow in each individual vessel. Discrete-vascular models of the thermophysiological state of man are not very applicable today, due to the complex and insufficiently studied vascular geometry. More common are continuum models, for the construction of which a multi-compartmental approach is used. As a result, the article presents a comparative table of continuous models and information systems that use these models.
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