肯尼亚Mwea灌溉方案下两个非洲稻品种对灌溉调度的生长响应

E. E. Mathew, N. Korir, J. Gweyi-Onyango, Thomas E. Akuja
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摘要

Mwea灌溉计划是受气候变化影响,特别是干旱影响最严重的地区;Mwea拥有用于水稻生产的现代灌溉基础设施,尽管灌溉实践旨在公平地使每个有作物的农场都能有效和高效地获得水。因此,为了使每个农场的所有作物都能公平地从这种灌溉中受益,农场的作物灌溉需要调度。因此,在KALRO-Mwea进行了一项试验,研究灌溉调度对两种稻品种生长参数的影响。试验采用完全随机区组设计,重复3次。通过考虑实验中的空间效应,采用这种设计来控制实验中的变异是合理的。2个水稻品种(奈莉卡4号和奈莉卡11号)构成主区,4个灌溉计划(每日、每4天、每5天和每周)构成副区。结果表明,处理显著影响了两个白栎品种成熟期的株高、鲜叶重、干叶重、叶绿素含量、穗长和穗数。在研究结果的基础上,建议Mwea的农民采用每3天一次的Nerica 4和每周一次的灌溉计划。
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Growth response of two Nerica rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties on irrigation scheduling in Mwea irrigation scheme, Kenya
Mwea irrigation scheme presents itself as the most hard-hit with climate change impacts particularly drought; Mwea is endowed with modern irrigation infrastructure for rice production, though the watering practice meant to equitably allow every farm with crops to access water effectively and efficiently. In order for all crops in every farm to benefit equitably from such irrigation, therefore, watering of crops in the farms needs scheduling. In that view, therefore, an experiment was set out at KALRO-Mwea to investigate the effect of irrigation scheduling on growth parameters of two Nerica rice varieties. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in split-plot arrangement replicated thrice. It was justifiable to adopt this design for purposes of controlling variation in the experiment taken through taking account of spatial effects in the experimentation. Two rice varieties (Nerica 4 and Nerica 11) formed the main plots and four irrigation schedules (Daily, Every 4 days, Every 5 days and Weekly) formed the sub plots. Results indicated that the treatments significantly influenced plant height, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, chlorophyll content, panicle length and panicle number of the two Nerica varieties at maturity. On the basis of research findings, it is recommended to the farmers in Mwea that the Nerica 4 on every 3 days and weekly irrigation schedules will be the best method to adopt.
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