Monoclonal Antibody-Based Therapy for Eosinophilic Oesophagitis

Eosinophilic oesophagitis is an inflammatory condition associated with marked eosinophil accumulation in the mucosal tissues of the oesophagus. Eosinophils are major pro-inflammatory cells thought to make a significant contribution to allergic diseases that affect the upper and lower airways, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Type 2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 are central to eosinophil maturation and release from the bone marrow, and their subsequent accumulation, activation, and persistence in the tissues. Humanised monoclonal antibodies with potent IL-5 or IL-13 neutralising effects represent potential treatments for eosinophilic-driven diseases. This review will consider the current status of these biologics in the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis.