Review of modern phlebotrophic preparations based on flavonoids as perspective endothelioprotectors in the treatment of chronic diseases of the veins

This review examines the development of endothelial dysfunction in chronic venous diseases  (СVD), the multifactority of this process. The important role of the nitric oxide system as a universal modulator of various biochemical reactions and realization of many important physiological  functions is shown. The need for early pharmacotherapy of phleboprotectors with endothelioprotective activity is discussed  in order to slow the progression  of CVD. Effects of flavonoids as perspective endothelioprotectors on various links in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction are considered. On the example of the micronized purified  flavonoid fraction (MPFF), the effect of flavonoid compounds on endothelial dysfunction in CVD is demonstrated, and the mechanisms of action have been examined in detail. In addition, the pharmacological  effects  of individual components of the MPFF and their synergism in the focus on the effect on endothelial dysfunction are also discussed.  Features  of the micronized form that affect bioavailability and, ultimately, determine the pharmacological  effectiveness of the drug are considered.