在津巴布韦北部的一块玉米田里,经过六年的少耕,清洁除草对蚯蚓群落产生了积极影响

N. Mashavakure, Bliss Gutukunhuwa, A. Mashingaidze, E. Gandiwa
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引用次数: 1

摘要

蚯蚓是土壤动物群落的重要组成部分,对土壤的化学、生物和物理过程具有积极的影响。本研究旨在调查栽培措施对农田蚯蚓群落的中期影响。在2018/2019种植季,以耕作制度、施肥量和除草强度分别为主、次和次样地,进行了为期6年的试验。蚓蚓属(34.4%)和双心蚓属(38.3%)为优势属,其他功能类群中以内源蚓属(48.4%)为主。与其他处理相比,盆地种植下干净除草样地蚓类丰富度(4倍)、属丰富度(76.4%)和Shannon多样性指数(56.0%)较高。在常规耕作制度下施用无机肥使爱Eisenia丰度和属均匀度分别降低了100.0%和73.3%。这些结果表明,在最少耕作制度下,频繁的手工除草对蚯蚓有积极的影响,包括增加了蚯蚓的丰度。在常规耕作系统中,施用高剂量无机肥料对蚯蚓群落有害。进一步的研究需要集中于确定最可持续和最具成本效益的人工除草频率,以增强蚯蚓多样性和提高作物生产力。
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Clean weeding showed positive effects on earthworm communities following six years of minimum tillage in a maize field in northern Zimbabwe
ABSTRACT Earthworms are a major component of soil fauna communities with positive effects on soil chemical, biological and physical processes. A study was carried out to investigate the medium-term effects of cultural practices on earthworm communities in an agricultural field. Data were collected in the 2018/2019 cropping season from a six-year-old experiment with tillage system, fertiliser application rate and weeding intensity as the main, sub- and sub-subplots, respectively. Lumbricus (34.4%) and Diplocardia (38.3%) were the dominant genera, while endogeic earthworms (48.4%) dominated the community structure among other earthworm functional groups. Clean weeded plots under the basin planting system had higher Lumbricus abundance (quadruple), genus richness (76.4%) and Shannon diversity index (56.0%) than all other treatments. Inorganic fertiliser application in the conventional tillage system reduced Eisenia abundance and genus evenness by 100.0% and 73.3%, respectively. These results suggest that in minimum tillage systems, frequent hand weeding confers positive effects on earthworms including increased abundance. In conventional tillage systems, application of high doses of inorganic fertiliser is detrimental to earthworm communities. Further studies need to focus on identifying the most sustainable and cost-effective hand weeding frequency for enhanced earthworm diversity and increased crop productivity.
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