压力波动气井产能评价新方法

Yongbin Zhang, Xiongwei Sun, Xiaojia Bai, Wei Jia, Bo Zhu, Haibo Wang
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摘要

塔里木盆地大部分气田为埋深大于5000m的高压高温气藏。特殊的地质条件给地下试井带来了安全问题。此外,由于出砂、套管完整性问题、井下压裂液污染、井筒积蜡等地质和工程因素,井口压力波动普遍存在。传统的基于地下试井的气井产能评价方法,由于井口压力异常波动,无法反映气井产能的动态变化,存在很大的局限性。在这项研究中,提出了一种利用井口动态数据来评估这类井的产能的新方法。根据是否考虑井筒堵塞引起的附加表皮,分别建立了基于二项式产能方程的表观产能曲线和潜在产能曲线。通过对潜在流量和表观绝对无阻流量的比较,得出气井产能的变化特征。最后,通过对Dina异常井的现场研究,验证了该方法的准确性。产能分析表明,该方法在评价压力波动井的生产潜力方面具有很大的优势,为井筒管理提供了依据。
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A Novel Approach to Evaluate Deliverability of Gas Wells with Pressure Fluctuation
Majority of gas fields in Tarim Basin are HPHT (high-pressure/high temperature) reservoirs with buried depth more than 5000m. The special geological conditions made it a challenge for underground well testing due to safety issues. Additionally, wellhead pressure fluctuation is widely existed both from geological and engineering factors, including sand production, well casing integrity problems, contamination of downhole fracturing fluid and wax deposition in wellbore etc. Traditional deliverability evaluation method which relies on underground well testing is greatly limited as it is not capable of reflecting the dynamic change of gas well deliverability due to abnormal wellhead pressure fluctuation. In this study, a new approach is proposed to evaluate the deliverability of these kind of wells using dynamic data from wellheads. An apparent and a potential deliverability curves are based on binomial deliverability equation are established individually according to whether the additional skin caused by wellbore blockage is taken into consideration. The variation characteristic of gas well deliverability is obtained by comparison of potential and apparent absolute open flow. Finally, field studies of Dina abnormal wells are performed to verify the accuracy of the method. Deliverability analysis show that the new approach has a great advantage in evaluating the production potential of wells with pressure fluctuation, and furtherly provides the criteria for wellbore management.
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