仿生工具设计提高了保护性耕作中轮作的耕作效率、苗床质量和秸秆配施

IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Journal of Agricultural Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI:10.4081/jae.2023.1327
Ian Torotwa, Qishuo Ding, Emmanuel Awuah, Ruiyin He
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在以水稻为基础的作物耕作系统中,旋转耕作通过对苗床准备和作物残留物管理的最小土壤干扰来促进保护性农业。然而,旋耕机叶片的效率受到退化的水稻土和过量的作物残茬条件的阻碍。仿生学在耕作工具的优化设计方面具有优势,可用于提高旋耕机叶片的效率。本研究以鼹鼠爪的几何结构为灵感,对仿生旋耕机叶片的适应性和性能进行了研究。通过田间试验评估叶片在3种耕作深度(即40、70和100 mm)下的扭矩和功率需求、土壤破碎度、位移特性以及秸秆入渗率。结果表明,与传统叶片相比,仿生叶片的扭矩降低了21.05%,比功率要求更低,并且产生了更细的颗粒和更均匀的颗粒尺寸。增加了表土的再分配,提高了秸秆掩埋率。因此,仿生旋耕机叶片节能,可以改善土壤结构和苗床质量,除了通过掺入管理作物残留物外,还可以促进集约化耕作系统中的保护性耕作。
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Biomimetic tool design improves tillage efficiency, seedbed quality, and straw incorporation during rototilling in conservation farming
Rotary tillage facilitates conservation agriculture in rice-based crop farming systems through minimal soil disturbance for seedbed preparation and crop residue management. However, efficiency of rotary tiller blades is hampered by degraded paddy soils and excessive crop residue conditions. Biomimetics presents an edge in the optimisation design of cultivation tools and can be employed to improve the efficiency of rotary tiller blades. This study was designed to evaluate the adaptability and performance of biomimetic rotary tiller blades inspired by the geometric structure of a mole rat’s claw. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the blades’ torque and power requirements, soil fragmentation, displacement characteristics, and the rate of straw incorporation at three tillage depths (i.e., 40, 70, and 100 mm). Results revealed that the biomimetic blades minimised torque by up to 21.05%, had lower specific power requirements, and produced finer tilths with granular and more even clod sizes than conventional blades. It also achieved more redistribution of topsoil and improved the straw burial rate. The biomimetic rotary tiller blades are thus energy-efficient and can improve soil structure and the quality of seedbeds, besides managing crop residues through incorporation, and therefore advance conservation tillage in intensive farming systems.
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来源期刊
Journal of Agricultural Engineering
Journal of Agricultural Engineering AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING-
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
40
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Agricultural Engineering (JAE) is the official journal of the Italian Society of Agricultural Engineering supported by University of Bologna, Italy. The subject matter covers a complete and interdisciplinary range of research in engineering for agriculture and biosystems.
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