Techniques that facilitate knowledge hiding: perspectives of ethical dilemmas from both sides of the coin

Purpose This paper examines the ethical dilemmas of a multi-dimensional contributor and end-user in the world of knowledge management by underscoring the different techniques of knowledge hiding observed in practice. Design/methodology/approach We categorize the ethical issues into identity, ownership, privacy, and reputation. We also analyze the different knowledge hiding techniques organizations can use to provide privacy to their contributors. Findings To help organizations better understand how to implement knowledge hiding, we present a new typology: the Heptagon Model. Originality/value This manuscript provides a practice-oriented overview of the key knowledge hiding techniques. This overview provides the reader with an introduction to techniques used in an emerging and vital construct.