Minimization of Power Losses in the Distribution System by Controlling Tap Changing Transformer using the PSO Algorithm

Earlier, power consumption was very low, and people were also less aware of electronic devices. Most people prefer natural methods for cooking, washing, grinding, ironing clothes, and other tasks. Recently, power consumption is increasing as the number of consumers in the distribution system increases. AC, washing machines, fans, TVs, rice cookers, refrigerators, and other appliances were in high demand. When fans, TVs, cooking, gadgets, and washing machines are used during the day, the load requirement is higher than when they are used at night. As a result of the uncertainty in demand, power losses and low voltage will occur. The primary goal of this research work is to reduce distribution system power losses by optimizing the tapings of the distribution transformer using the PSO algorithm and also achieve power compensation by locating the DG and capacitor banks, and results are analyzed by using MATLAB software. The backward forward sweep technique has been adapted to identify voltage levels of buses in the system, and the proposed approach was then examined on the IEEE 15 bus system.