意大利劳动力市场中的移民与本地人比较研究

IF 0.4 Q4 DEMOGRAPHY Population Review Pub Date : 2016-02-02 DOI:10.1353/PRV.2016.0003
A. Paterno, L. Salaris, Giuseppe Gabrielli, N. Tedesco
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引用次数: 5

摘要

摘要:移民融入当地劳动力市场是一个复杂的过程,受当地劳动力市场的结构和个体特征、社会网络和移民项目的影响。我们用分段同化假说检验了对比同化假说,并验证了来自特定国家/地区的移民中存在种族惩罚。我们使用意大利劳动力持续调查的数据来比较2010年意大利劳动力市场中移民和本国人的就业水平和条件。随后,我们将重点关注与时间相关的就业不足和不合格就业的主要决定因素。研究结果表明,移民比意大利本地人更有可能经历最糟糕的情况。结果还表明,分段同化理论适用于意大利的情况。鉴于意大利生产制度中现有的地理梯度,就业经济部门在对男子和妇女产生不同影响的工作条件方面起着重要作用。随着时间的推移,移民无法改善自己的职业状况,他们的教育水平和就业岗位之间的差距仍然存在。此外,对于来自特定国家/地区的移民来说,被“困”在不合格就业中的风险被放大了,这表明存在种族惩罚。
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Immigrants and Autochthonous People in the Italian Labor Market: A Comparative Study
Abstract: The inclusion of immigrants in local labor markets is a complex process that is influenced by the local labor market’s structural and individual characteristics, social networks and migratory projects. We test the contrasting assimilation hypothesis with the segmented assimilation hypothesis and verify the presence of ethnic penalties among immigrants who originate from specific countries/areas. We use data from the Continuous Survey on the Italian Labor Forces to compare the levels of employment and the conditions of immigrants with natives in the Italian labor market in 2010. Subsequently, we focus on the main determinants of time-related underemployment and underqualified employment. The results show that immigrants assume higher risks than native Italians of experiencing the worst conditions. The results also suggest that the segmented assimilation theory applies to the Italian case. Given the existing geographical gradient in the Italian productive system, the economic sector of employment plays an important role in the working conditions that affect men and women differently. Immigrants are unable to improve their occupational situation over time, and the gap between their educational levels and employment positions persists. Moreover, the risk to be “trapped” in underqualified employment is amplified for immigrants who originate from specific countries/areas, which suggests the presence of ethnic penalties.
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来源期刊
Population Review
Population Review DEMOGRAPHY-
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
14.30%
发文量
3
期刊介绍: Population Review publishes scholarly research that covers a broad range of social science disciplines, including demography, sociology, social anthropology, socioenvironmental science, communication, and political science. The journal emphasizes empirical research and strives to advance knowledge on the interrelationships between demography and sociology. The editor welcomes submissions that combine theory with solid empirical research. Articles that are of general interest to population specialists are also desired. International in scope, the journal’s focus is not limited by geography. Submissions are encouraged from scholars in both the developing and developed world. Population Review publishes original articles and book reviews. Content is published online immediately after acceptance.
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