综合训练对20岁以下男子400米自由泳速度、力量、距离和成绩的影响

Ali Hussein Sabri, Rafid Saad Hadi, Nadia Shaker Jawad
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摘要

一般的田径运动,特别是400米自由泳,需要对身体中参与技巧表演的部分进行特殊的身体准备,以便通过匹配腿部肌肉,在跑步过程中分配施加的力量并增加其数量,以正确的方式和最小的努力来完成跑步过程,在此基础上,我们必须关注力量部分。因为力量对400米自由泳的最终成绩有很好的影响,现代训练方法必须在这里使用,以提高力量成分,在这些方法中是复杂的训练,其基础是混合重量练习和增强练习,重量练习很好地刺激肌肉和增强练习,允许收缩在一个圆圈内移动(延长-缩短),因此,研究的重要性在于在复杂的训练中提供数据和信息,以了解它对力量的影响,以速度和特定距离的力量数量为特征,并实现400米自由,通过将这些双重练习结合起来,因为它们对最重要类型的肌肉能力的发展有影响。无论是研究的问题,还是通过研究人员对克尔巴拉400米自由泳运动员的许多训练单位的跟踪调查,研究人员注意到,训练者缺乏使用现代训练方法来提高跑步者的肌肉能力水平,他们依赖于传统的训练方法,研究的重点是在复杂的训练方法中进行练习,并确定临时训练对特定距离的速度和力量量区分的力量的影响,并实现400米自由。
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Complex Training and its Effect on the Speed Force and Quantities of Strength for Specific Distances and the Achievement of 400 Meters Freestyle Under the Age of 20 Years
Athletics in general, and in particular the 400-meter freestyle event, requires special physical preparationfor the parts of the body that greatly participate in the skillful performance so that the running processcan be performed in the correct manner and with minimal effort by matching the muscles of the legs,distributing the exerted force during the run and increasing its quantities, from this basis, we mustfocus on the strength component, because strength has a good effect in the final achievement of the400-meter freestyle, as modern training methods must be used here to improve the strength component,and among these methods is the complex training whose basis is the mixing of weight exercises withplyometric exercises where weight exercises are stimulated muscles well and with plyometric exercises,allowing contractions moving in a circle (lengthening - shortening), therefore, the importance of theresearch lies in providing data and information within the complex training to know its effect on theforce distinguished by speed and the quantities of strength for specific distances and the achievementof 400 free meters, by applying these double exercises together and because they have an effect on thedevelopment of the most important types of muscle capacity, either the problem of research and throughthe follow-up of the researcher for many training units for 400-meter freestyle runners in Kerbala, theresearchers noted the lack of trainers’ use of modern training methods that would raise the level of themuscular capabilities of runners and their reliance on traditional training methods, and the importanceof research is to perform exercises in a complex training method and to identify the effect of temporarytraining on strength distinguished by speed and strength quantities for specific distances and to achieve400 free meters.
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