量子力学中的干涉和可分辨性

Physica B+C Pub Date : 1988-07-01 DOI:10.1016/0378-4363(88)90184-2

J. Uffink, J. Hilgevoord

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引用次数: 7

摘要

对给定测量中两个量子态的不可区分性U和在该测量中可观察到的干涉量I进行了定量测量。结果表明，这些概念服从不等式U≧I，这可以看作是玻尔主张的精确表述，即在保持干涉现象的情况下，不能区分粒子的两条可能路径。该公式应用于Badurek等人的中子干涉仪实验。结果表明，该公式比作者所考虑的基于相位和光子数不确定关系的论证更有力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Interference and distinguishability in quantum mechanics

Quantitative measures are introduced for the indistinguishability U of two quantum states in a given measurement, and the amount of interference I observable in this measurement. It is shown that these notions obey an inequality $U ≧ I$ , which can be seen as an exact formulation of Bohr's claim that one cannot distinguish between two possible paths of a particle while maintaining an interference phenomenon. This formulation is applied to a neutron interferometer experiment of Badurek et al. It is shown that the formulation is stronger than an argument based on an uncertainty relation for phase and photon number as considered by these authors.

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Physica B+C

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