Successful Treatment of Nasal and Parotid Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection in Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency: A Case Report with Literature Review

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection has increasingly been reported throughout the world, especially in Asia. Autoantibodies to interferon-γ are implicated in the pathogenesis of adult-onset immunodeficiency resulting in multiple opportunistic infections, in particular NTM infection. There are few reports regarding Mycobacterium avium complex infection of the nasal cavity or parotid gland in this condition. The authors reported the first case of nasal and parotid Mycobacterium avium complex presenting with recurrent epistaxis, nasal mass, and parotitis successfully treated with combined systemic and topical anti-mycobacterial agents in Thailand. Keywords: Nasal and parotid Mycobacterium avium complex; Nontuberculous mycobacteria; Autoantibody to interferon-γ; Nasal mass; Epistaxis; Parotitis