Different approaches for delivering the drug through vesicular carriers

http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(4).3071-3082 ABSTRACT:Delivering the drug molecule through conventional ways of drug delivery has been a challenging task for the researchers since years. Many novel technologies and system have been developed to overcome this limitation. Vesicular carriers such as niosomes, liposomes, aquasomes, phytosomes, etc. have been developed as one of the novel ways for the delivery of drug molecules effectively. They provide various advantages such as increased bioavailability, increased pharmacological activity, decreased toxicity, enhancement of stability, sustained delivery, and protection from physical and chemical degradation that occurs inside the body over conventional delivering systems. These vesicular systems can be lipidic or nonlipidic. The composition of niosomes involves nonionic surfactantslipids and liposome involves phospholipids (natural and synthetic). This review article describes the study of the four vesicular carriers namely niosomes, liposomes, aquasomes and phytosomes and their various aspects such as their definition, types, methods of preparation, advantages, disadvantages, evaluation and characterization. Such different systems are widely used in gene delivery, tumor targeting to brain, oral formulations, in stability and permeability problems of drugs.