A comprehensive review of Trivanga bhasma (herbomineral trimetallic formulation)

BACKGROUND: Trivanga Bhasma, a herbomineral formulation prepared by incineration of Vanga (Tin), Naga (Lead), Yashada (zinc). In Rasa Kaumudi Trivanga bhasma is mentioned as Triloha bhasma. AIM: The aim of the present study was analysis of various pharmaceutical methods, doses, indications, of Trivanga Bhasma mentioned in Ayurveda texts. INTRODUCTION: Trivanga Bhasma is indicated in MutraRoga (disorders of urine), Madhumeha (Diabetes) and Vandhyatva (Infertility), Napunasakta (Impotency), Shaktivardhaka (Strength) Swetapradara (Leucorrhea). METHODS: Ancient Ayurvedic classics included Rasatantrasara Evam Siddhaprayoga Sangraha, Ayurvedeeya Oushadi Gunadharma Shastra, Siddhayoga Sangraha, Rasa Kaumudi, Bhasma Vigyana, Rasa Raj Mahodadhi, and other available translations in various languages were viewed. Marana (incineration) method of Trivanga Bhasma mentioned in classics were collected and analyzed. A comprehensive review of Trivanga Bhasma has been attempted by searching of published literatures in various database including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Google Scholar, and University Grants Commission care journals list. DISCUSSION: In classical texts, fourteen methods of preparation of Trivanga Bhasma were found and in texts-Rasa Kaumudi-1, Rasayansara-2, SiddhaYoga Samgraha-1, Rasaraj Mahodadhi-1, Ayurvediya Aushadhi Guna Dharma Shastra-1, Rasatantra Sara Evam Siddha Prayoga Samgraha-2, Bhasma Vigyana-5, and Ayurvedic Formulary India-1 methods are mentioned. In these methods, 9 methods were Jarana followed by Putapaka, Jarana in 3 methods, Damaru Yantra Kramangi paka in 2 methods. CONCLUSION: A total of 14 methods of Marana with 22 media are mentioned for Trivanga Bhasma.