Treatment and Management of BacterialPurulent Acute Otitis at the BogodogoDistrict Community Hospital,Burkina Faso, West Africa

Background: This is a descriptive short report of a cross-sectional study conducted in the Otorhinolaryngology unit (ORL) of the Bogodogo district community hospital and in the Unit of Bacteriology/Virology of the National Laboratory of Public Health. This study sought to provide insight into the quality of antibiotic prescribing in patients with purulent acute otitis media (PAOM) to establish a better treatment and management of local population ‘health. Methods and findings: A cross-sectional investigation was carried out from June 2014 to January 2015. Here, we reported and included in the analysis 58 cases of antibiotic-naive patients diagnosed with purulent acute otitis media seen in the otorhinolaryngology unit of the Bogodogo district community hospital. Thirtyone (31) patients were over 15 years. Males were the dominant group with a sex ratio of 1.3. Sixty-two (62) bacterial strains were isolated from patient samples of which Staphylococci, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas accounted for 37.1%, 32.2% and (22.6%), respectively. Among the antibiotics tested, four (4) classes proved effective: Gentamycin (98%), Ciprofloxacin (97%), Imipenem (82%) and the 3rd generation of Ceftriaxone (76%).However, the sensitivity to Ampicillin and Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid was very low. Conclusions: Self-medicating, over-prescribing unnecessary drugs are among the cause of resistance to antibiotic treatment. We were able to identify the main bacteria involved in purulent acute otitis and hope this effort of generating data will be useful to improve the care for patient in Burkina and beyond in Sun- Saharan Africa.