在SAW上冲浪:可视化Au(111)表面原子的振荡

T. Hesjedal, E. Chilla, H.-J. Frohlich
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本文报道了用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)对表面声波的观测。由于STM控制电子设备在kHz范围内具有带宽限制,因此在MHz至GHz的典型频率下,saw会导致对比度损失,这可以在原子尺度上清楚地看到。为了获得声表面波的振幅和相位,我们引入了一种外差型STM,即扫描声隧道显微镜(SATM)。与STM技术相反,SATM测量振荡状态的快照。在纳米尺度上,讨论了相位和振幅对比的两个贡献。首先,saw相位延迟主要与源的距离呈线性关系。其次,声表面波内的原子振荡轨迹导致了由振荡轨迹形状和局部地形组成的信号贡献。在可以忽略相位延迟对对比度影响的原子尺度上,研究了单表面原子的振荡轨迹。最后,将原子分辨的相位和振幅图像与模拟数据进行了比较。
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Surfing the SAW: visualizing the oscillation of Au(111) surface atoms
In this paper we report the observation of surface acoustic waves using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). As the STM control electronics have a bandwidth limit in the kHz range, SAWs at typical frequencies of MHz to GHz cause a loss of contrast which can be clearly seen on an atomic scale. In order to access the amplitude and phase of a SAW, we introduced a heterodyning type STM, the scanning acoustic tunneling microscope (SATM). Contrary to the STM technique, the SATM measures snapshots of the state of oscillation. On the nanometer scale, two contributions to the phase and amplitude contrast are discussed. First, the SAWs phase delay gives a mainly linear dependence on the distance of the source. Second, the atomic oscillation trajectories within the SAW lead to a signal contribution that is made up of the shape of the oscillation trajectory and the local topography. On an atomic scale where the influence of the phase delay on the contrast can be neglected the oscillation trajectories of single surface atoms are studied. Finally, the atomically resolved phase and amplitude images are compared to simulated data.
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