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引用次数: 12

摘要

最简单和最广泛使用的微波天线之一是喇叭,作为大型射电望远镜、卫星跟踪和通信反射器的馈电元件,这些天线安装在世界各地。除了作为反射器和透镜的馈源之外,它还是相控阵的常用元件,并作为其他高增益天线的校准和增益测量的通用标准。其广泛的适用性源于其结构简单,易于激励,大增益,宽带特性和首选的综合性能。电磁喇叭可以有许多不同的形式,如基本的锥体喇叭、圆锥形喇叭、波纹状喇叭、双脊状喇叭和双极化喇叭,以及带透镜的喇叭等。喇叭只不过是一根不同截面的空心管,它被锥形成一个更大的开口孔径。本章用孔径场法详细阐述了锥体喇叭天线的基本原理。并给出了数值算例和实测算例。
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Horn Antenna
One of the simple and most widely used microwave antennas is the horn as a feed element for large radio telescopes, satellite tracking, and communication reflector, which are found installed throughout the world. In addition to its utility as a feed for reflectors and lenses, it is a common element of phased arrays and serves as a universal standard for calibration and gain measurement of other high gain antennas. Its widespread applicability stems from its simplicity in construction, ease of excitation, large gain, wide-band characteristics, and preferred overall performance. An electromagnetic horn can take many different forms, such as basic pyramidal, conical, corrugated, double-ridged, and dual polarized horns, as well as horns with lens and so on. The horn is nothing more than a hollow pipe of different cross-sections, which has been tapered to a larger opening aperture. This chapter explains the fundamentals of the pyramidal horn antenna in detail using aperture field method. Numerical and measured examples, are also shown.
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