非洲景观中灌木入侵和大型食肉动物捕食成功的研究进展

IF 1.6 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Earth Interactions Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI:10.3390/earth3030058
Holly Atkinson, B. Cristescu, L. Marker, Nicola Rooney
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引用次数: 1

摘要

灌木入侵是一种威胁全球稀树草原和草原生态系统的栖息地变化现象。在非洲,在丛林侵占的土地上,大型食肉动物必须适应不断增加的木本植物覆盖和生物量,这可能会通过复杂的环境依赖途径在多个阶段影响捕食成功。我们强调,解释和比较了评估丛林入侵或相关栖息地参数如何影响大型非洲食肉动物捕食阶段的研究。灌木入侵可以通过多种方式直接或间接地影响捕食成功,包括:(1)改变生境结构,影响狩猎效率和猎物可及性;(2)猎物丰度/分布的变化,较小的物种和捕食者可能更受青睐;(3)影响食肉动物行会内部的干扰竞争。对于栖息地或饮食专家,以及易受自上而下和自下而上生态系统影响的下级捕食者来说,这些改变可能是有害的,并最终导致种群适应性成本。随着丛林入侵的威胁持续,未来的研究需要评估对大型非洲食肉动物协会内部竞争相互作用的间接影响,以确保保护工作的重点。此外,为了更好地了解整个非洲丛林入侵的影响,在受影响的地区进行进一步的研究是必要的,因为对这个主题的关注总体上很少。
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Bush Encroachment and Large Carnivore Predation Success in African Landscapes: A Review
Bush encroachment is a habitat change phenomenon that threatens savanna and grassland ecosystems worldwide. In Africa, large carnivores in bush encroached landscapes must adjust to increasing woody plant cover and biomass, which could affect predation success at multiple stages through complex and context-dependent pathways. We highlight, interpret, and compare studies that assessed how bush encroachment or related habitat parameters affect the predation stages of large African carnivores. Bush encroachment may directly or indirectly affect predation success in various ways, including by: (1) altering habitat structure, which may affect hunting efficiency and prey accessibility; (2) changing prey abundance/distribution, with smaller species and browsers being potentially favoured; (3) influencing interference competition within the carnivore guild. For habitat or dietary specialists, and subordinate predators that are vulnerable to both top-down and bottom-up ecosystem effects, these alterations may be detrimental and eventually incur population fitness costs. As the threat of bush encroachment continues, future studies are required to assess indirect effects on competitive interactions within the large African carnivore guild to ensure that conservation efforts are focused. Additionally, to better understand the effects of bush encroachment across Africa, further research is necessary in affected areas as overall little attention has been devoted to the topic.
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来源期刊
Earth Interactions
Earth Interactions 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
5.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Publishes research on the interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere, including, but not limited to, research on human impacts, such as land cover change, irrigation, dams/reservoirs, urbanization, pollution, and landslides. Earth Interactions is a joint publication of the American Meteorological Society, American Geophysical Union, and American Association of Geographers.
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