双语辩论的优势

IF 3 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Annual Review of Linguistics Pub Date : 2019-01-16 DOI:10.1146/ANNUREV-LINGUISTICS-011718-011820
M. Antoniou
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引用次数: 188

摘要

双语曾被认为会导致认知缺陷,但近几十年的研究表明,掌握两种(或更多)语言的经验会在执行功能上赋予双语优势,并可能延缓阿尔茨海默病的发病率。然而,相互矛盾的证据已经出现,导致了关于双语优势对执行功能和痴呆发病率的稳健性的问题。一些调查人员未能找到双语优势的证据;其他人则认为双语优势可能完全是虚假的,而优势案例的支持者则继续为其辩护。随之而来的是一场激烈的辩论,这个领域现在已经陷入了僵局。这篇综述对支持和反对双语优势在执行功能、认知老化和大脑可塑性方面的证据进行了批判性的研究,然后概述了未来的研究如何阐明这一争论,并进一步了解多种语言的经验如何影响认知和大脑。
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The Advantages of Bilingualism Debate
Bilingualism was once thought to result in cognitive disadvantages, but research in recent decades has demonstrated that experience with two (or more) languages confers a bilingual advantage in executive functions and may delay the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. However, conflicting evidence has emerged leading to questions concerning the robustness of the bilingual advantage for both executive functions and dementia incidence. Some investigators have failed to find evidence of a bilingual advantage; others have suggested that bilingual advantages may be entirely spurious, while proponents of the advantage case have continued to defend it. A heated debate has ensued, and the field has now reached an impasse. This review critically examines evidence for and against the bilingual advantage in executive functions, cognitive aging, and brain plasticity, before outlining how future research could shed light on this debate and advance knowledge of how experience with multiple languages affects cognition and the brain.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
6.20%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Linguistics, in publication since 2015, covers significant developments in the field of linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and their interfaces. Reviews synthesize advances in linguistic theory, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, language change, biology and evolution of language, typology, as well as applications of linguistics in many domains.
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