21世纪第二个十年的家庭农业转型

IF 0.9 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI:10.30858/zer/161785
Józef Stanisław Zegar
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摘要

摘要本文的目的是确定近年来波兰家庭农业在产业模式和挑战方面的转型过程。2010年和2020年的农业普查结果、其他公共统计数据以及有关该主题的文献被用来实现这一目标。除了转型的一般特征外,重点是劳动力投入、资源生产率和个体农场用户家庭收入的变化。分析表明,农业的发展与一般的产业转型模式没有区别,包括商品化、集约化、集中化和专业化四个过程。然而,新的挑战正在出现,特别是使农业走上可持续发展轨道的需要,以及需要在农业转型中进行重大调整的人口、环境和经济条件。需要政治机构的重大干预,特别是在创造生态创新和利用新的收入机会的条件方面,这也需要加强农民本身的合作。此外,还应扩大农业咨询服务的范围,使其超越使用公共资金和农场传统经济的范围。
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Transformation of Family Farming in the Second Decade of the 21st Century
Abstract The aim of the article is to determine the course of transformation of family farming in Poland in recent years in terms of the industrial model and challenges related to its sustainability. The results of the 2010 and 2020 agricultural censuses, other public statistics data, and the literature on the subject were used to achieve this goal. Apart from the general characteristics of the transformation, the focus was on changes in labor inputs, resource productivity, and household income of individual farm users. The analysis showed that the development of agriculture does not differ from the general model of industrial transformation, including the following processes: commercialization, intensification, concentration, and specialization. However, new challenges are emerging, especially the need for putting agriculture on a sustainable track and the demographic, environmental, and economic conditions that require significant adjustments in the transformation of agriculture. Significant intervention by political institutions is needed, especially in creating eco-innovations and conditions for the use of new income opportunities, which also requires intensifying the cooperation of farmers themselves. It is also advisable to extend the scope of agricultural advisory services, going beyond the sphere of using public funds and conventional economics of farms.
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