城市鸟类利用汽车前面板上的昆虫

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Western Birds Pub Date : 2023-01-19 DOI:10.3390/birds4010002
J. Jokimäki, Marja‐Liisa Kaisanlahti‐Jokimäki
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引用次数: 1

摘要

城市化在许多方面影响鸟类的食物供应和质量。虽然城市地区偶然或有意为鸟类提供了大量的食物,但在城市中,以昆虫为基础的食物的数量可以减少。我们研究了一种人工食物来源的作用,在芬兰,更具体地说,在罗瓦涅米市,通过问卷调查,从数据库中搜索数据,并进行实地研究。结果表明,在芬兰,利用汽车前面板上的昆虫共检测到7种鸟类。然而,这种行为还不常见,因为大约60%的受访者表示,这种行为目前要么罕见,要么非常罕见。大多数的观察发现了家麻雀,其次是白鹡鸰或欧亚寒鸦。只有很少的观察发现了欧亚树雀、冠鸦、大山雀和欧亚喜鹊。这种现象在芬兰各地分布很广,除了欧亚寒鸦,它们的观察仅限于芬兰的南部地区。1971年首次对家雀进行了观察,随后是白鹡鸰(1975年)、冠鸦(1997年)、欧亚寒鸦(2006年)、欧亚树雀(2011年)、欧亚喜鹊(2019年)和大山雀(2022年)。使用这种食物来源的物种主要是定居的城市掠夺者,如鸦科动物和麻雀,这些物种以前曾被报道过有几种不同类型的创新行为。大部分观测是在城市大卖场停车场进行的,没有在居民区进行观测。大多数觅食观察是在繁殖季节的最后阶段进行的,这在一定程度上支持了雏鸟和雏鸟对高质量昆虫食物的额外需求。我们的观察表明,这种行为在物种中并不常见和普遍。
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Urban Birds Using Insects on Front Panels of Cars
Urbanization influences the food availability and quality for birds in many ways. Although a great amount of food for birds is provided incidentally or intentionally in urban areas, the quantity of insect-based food can be reduced in cities. We studied the role of one artificial food source, insects smashed on the front panels of cars, in Finland, and more specifically in the city of Rovaniemi, by conducting questionnaire research, searching for data from databases and performing a field study. Our results indicated that a total of seven bird species have been detected using insects on the front panels of cars in Finland. However, this behavior is not yet common since about 60% of responders to the questionnaire stated that this behavior is currently either rare or very rare. Most of the observations identified House Sparrows, followed by the White Wagtail or the Eurasian Jackdaw. Only a few observations identified the Eurasian Tree Sparrow, the Hooded Crow, the Great Tit and the Eurasian Magpie. The phenomenon was distributed quite widely across Finland, except in the case of the Eurasian Jackdaws, for which observations were restricted only to the southern part of the country. The first observation was made about the House Sparrow in 1971, followed by the White Wagtail (1975), Hooded Crow (1997), Eurasian Jackdaw (2006), Eurasian Tree Sparrow (2011), Eurasian Magpie (2019) and Great Tit (2022). The species using this food source are mainly sedentary urban exploiters, such as corvids and sparrows, that have been previously reported to have several different types of innovative behaviors. Most of the observations were conducted in urban parking sites of hypermarkets, and no observations were made in residential areas. Most of the foraging observations were made during the end phase of the breeding season, partly supporting the extra need for high-quality insect-based food for nestlings and fledglings. Our observations indicate that this behavior is not yet common and widespread among species.
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Western Birds
Western Birds Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
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