Bearish Vs Bullish risk network: A Eurozone financial system analysis

This paper studies the extreme risk spillover between 183 Eurozone financial institutions (such as banks, insurances, diversified financial, real estate firms) over the period 2005–2020. Employing the Granger causality test across quantiles, we are able to investigate the tail risk interdependence between financial firms under extreme (downside and upside) conditions. Thanks to this framework, we can understand and estimate the risk spillover effect, in different propagation mechanisms, during bad and good conditions. Our findings show a heterogeneous effect between risk spillovers depending on the level of risk considered, highlighting how bearish conditions play an important role in the sectoral propagation of risk spillover. We document the presence of the “shift-contagion” effect. Finally, we investigate the risk-monetary policy nexus. Our findings provide new insights into the impact of the monetary stance on financial stability, documenting the double strategy played by the European Central Bank, namely the “leaning against the wind” and the “modified Jackson Hole consensus” approach.