FACTORS AFFECTING FLOOD MANAGEMENT IN BIHAR, INDIA

Bihar is facing a flood problem every year. This paper includes all the major factors which increase flood level in Bihar such as heavy rainfall, a large number of rivers, topography of the area, sand mining, and silt accumulation. There are some factors which are directly responsible and others are indirectly responsible for flood hazard. Heavy rainfall and a large number of rivers are directly responsible factors. The capacity of rivers and reservoirs is reduced due to silt accumulation and deforestation upstream in Nepal is the reason behind silt accumulation in rivers and reservoirs through heavy rainfall. Watershed management is not very successful because most of the plain area. The hydrology of Bihar is also disturbed due to excess sand mining. The built-up area of the state is increasing and this is resulting in heavy surface runoff, because there is no open area to hold the water. The increased flow also washes the fertile soil of the agricultural area of Bihar