Development of an entrepreneurship typology for integration of Roma informal Waste collection practices into environmental policy in the CEE region

ABSTRACT Roma communities in the CEE (Central and Eastern Europe) region work in the informal economy through scavenging municipal waste. This conceptual paper has the aim of examining the extent for integration of scavenging into environmental policy through the development of a research paradigm applied to Roma and similarly marginalized non-Roma individuals. Evidence from studies of informal waste collection outside Europe suggests that in some cases it has been integrated into municipal waste management policy. In the CEE region, environmental policy insufficiently acknowledges the existence of informal scavenging whereby waste material categorization and disposal is not monitored to infer a research gap which is addressed in the research paradigm. This paper also adds to ongoing debate on entrepreneurship theory by developing a typology incorporating categories of ethnic (Roma) and informal (non-ethnic) entrepreneurship and thus serves to inform policy development for more socio-economically effective municipal waste collection and disposal in the CEE region.