The Determinant Factors of Business to Business (B2B) E-Commerce Adoption in Small- and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises

ABSTRACT This research examines the relationships between technological, organizational, and environmental (TOE) factors on different levels of B2B e-commerce adoption. A survey of 315 Ghanaian manufacturing SMEs was validated and tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The research findings indicate that perceived desirability, organization’s readiness, and competitive pressure positively and significantly influence the different B2B e-commerce adoption levels. Likewise, top management support and government support partially had a significant impact on the various levels of B2B e-commerce adoption, whereas the business partner’s pressure has no significant influence on B2B e-commerce adoption levels. This research’s results confirm that the TOE factors influence B2B e-commerce adoption levels in the Ghanaian manufacturing SMEs. The results reveal that the various contextual factors have a different effect on the different levels of B2B e-commerce adoption. Also, the implications of this study are subsequently discussed.