日本人主要截肢风险因素--如何预测和预防外周动脉疾病患者的下肢缺失?

IF 2.9 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Human Performance Pub Date : 2019-08-23 Epub Date: 2019-08-06 DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-19-0658
Toshifumi Kudo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对于非糖尿病患者,糖尿病患者的PAD伴有神经病变,发病年龄较小,性别差异较小,膝关节以下动脉狭窄/闭塞病变增加(主动脉-髂动脉病变相对较少),多层次动脉病变增加,由于活动范围较窄,间歇性跛行症状减轻。Higashi等(1)报道糖尿病合并PAD患者下肢截肢事件发生率比单纯PAD患者(即无DM)高4.43倍。C目前,由于外周动脉疾病(PAD)引起的缺血性足溃疡/坏死病变有所增加,并且随着糖尿病和透析患者的快速增加以及人口老龄化,这种情况进一步增加。下肢截肢显著降低了患者的日常生活活动能力和生活质量,缩短了患者的生存预后,增加了患者的治疗费用。患者和社会的负担都很高。然而,在初级保健中,对PAD和足部病变的认识有些缺乏。预测和预防截肢是包括日本在内的一个紧迫的全球问题。在这一期杂志上,Higashi及其同事1报道了他们对一项为期2年的观察性前瞻性队列研究(日本1745家诊所的4016名符合条件的患者)的回顾性分析,该研究评估了接受抗血小板治疗的糖尿病患者截肢的预测因素。截肢风险在基线时通过下肢血运重建术(LER)/截肢史、慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)、脑血管疾病(CVD)和冠状动脉疾病(CAD)合并症进行预测。在PAD合并糖尿病(DM)的患者中,踝肱压指数(ABI) <0.40的截肢事件发生率最高,并随着ABI的升高而逐渐降低。作者在这个大队列中的发现是有价值的,因为它们很可能代表在日本现实世界的临床实践中接受抗血小板治疗的PAD和DM患者。此外,它们有助于缺血性足部病变和肢体截肢的早期发现和预防性风险因素管理(图)。糖尿病是PAD发展的最强危险因素,据报道其在日本PAD患者中的患病率为41.2%此外,在日本接受外周血运重建术的严重下肢缺血患者中,70%为糖尿病,其中一半为透析在糖尿病患者中,PAD的典型症状如间歇性跛行并不总是很明显,75%是无症状的,有的只有在休息时才有疼痛和出现坏疽时才被诊断出来。这导致截肢的风险很高。这是因为,与1929年第p条相比
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Risk Factors for Major Amputation in the Japanese Population - How Can We Predict and Prevent Lower Limb Loss in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease?
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来源期刊
Human Performance
Human Performance PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED-
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
期刊介绍: Human Performance publishes research investigating the nature and role of performance in the workplace and in organizational settings and offers a rich variety of information going beyond the study of traditional job behavior. Dedicated to presenting original research, theory, and measurement methods, the journal investigates individual, team, and firm level performance factors that influence work and organizational effectiveness. Human Performance is a respected forum for behavioral scientists interested in variables that motivate and promote high-level human performance, particularly in organizational and occupational settings. The journal seeks to identify and stimulate relevant research, communication, and theory concerning human capabilities and effectiveness. It serves as a valuable intellectual link between such disciplines as industrial-organizational psychology, individual differences, work physiology, organizational behavior, human resource management, and human factors.
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