法国工程师萨巴斯·路易斯·加斯顿和他在创造双燃烧循环中的作用

E. Bilousov, P. Billier
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在鲁道夫·迪塞尔发明了他的“理性”引擎之后,人们几乎立即开始尝试改进它。由于在19世纪末和20世纪初,内燃机理论尚未形成一个统一的科学体系,因此也没有统一的方法来评估个别工程师和科学家提出的创新。在这方面,由于承认某一特定设计的优先权或为某一特定作者提议的工作原则,经常发生争端和诉讼。首先,这是由于有可能从将专利创新引入生产中获得物质利益。应该指出的是,与利润有关的诉讼和宣传活动并不总是客观的,而且在世纪之交,进步的发展是如此迅速,以至于同样的想法同时进入了几个独立发明家的头脑,但同样的发现是由世界不同地区的不同科学家做出的。到20世纪初,积累的经验以及理论和实验研究表明,可以通过先在定容(等差)下,然后在定压(等压)下,将燃料燃烧过程中的等等值或等压供热替换为与供热相结合的供热,从而显著改善活塞发动机工作过程的流动性质。三位科学家——古斯塔夫·特林克勒、迈伦·扎利格和路易斯·加斯顿·萨巴斯声称自己优先开发了这种循环。他们每个人都以不同的方式做出了这个决定,每个人都对活塞式发动机工作过程理论的形成和发动机制造的形成做出了自己的贡献。这篇文章就是为了纪念法国工程师路易斯·加斯顿·萨巴特所作的贡献。
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FRENCH ENGINEER SABATHE LOUIS GASTON AND HIS ROLE IN CREATION OF DUAL COMBUSTION CYCLE
Almost immediately after Rudolph Diesel created his "rational" engine, attempts were made to improve it. Since at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century, the theory of internal combustion engines had not yet been formed as a unified scientific system, there were no unified approaches to assessing the innovations proposed by individual engineers and scientists either. In this regard, disputes and litigations periodically arose related to the recognition of priority for a specific design or the proposed principle of work for a specific author. First of all, this was due to the possibility of obtaining material benefits from the introduction of a patented innovation into production. It should be noted that profit-related litigation and information campaigns were not always objective, and the development of progress at the turn of the century were so rapid that the same ideas entered the heads of several independent inventors at once, but the same discoveries were made in different parts of the world by different scientists. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the accumulated experience, as well as theoretical and experimental studies have shown that it was possible to significantly improve the nature of the flow of the working process of piston engines by replacing the isochoric or isobaric heat supply in the process of fuel combustion with a combined one with heat supply, first at a constant volume (by isochore), and then at constant pressure (isobar). Three scientists - Gustav Trinkler, Myron Zaliger and Louis Gaston Sabathe claimed priority in the development of such a cycle. Each of them came to this decision in different ways, and each made his own contribution both to the formation of the theory of working processes of piston engines, and to the formation of engine building in general. It is to this contribution made by the French engineer Louis Gaston Sabathe that this article is devoted.
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