复合超声在儿童急性阑尾炎诊断中的可能性

G. Yusupalieva, Munisa Yakupdjanovna Abzalova, Elyor Allayarovich Akhmedov, Qudrat Nazarovich Bekimbetov, Feruz Ergashovich Turdiev​
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摘要

急性阑尾炎(OA)是目前最常见的腹腔急症,发病率为每1000人中2-5人。在乌兹别克斯坦共和国,根据乌兹别克斯坦共和国保健机构活动的统计资料,这一指标为每1 000人中有3.05人。急性阑尾炎患儿入院时,抱怨时间长达12小时的有110例(46.6%),12至24小时的有49例(20.8%),24至48小时的有43例(18.2%),48小时或更长时间的有34例(14.4%)。在病程超过一天的儿童中,仅记录了蚓状过程的破坏性炎症形式。从临床表现开始24小时后,痰性坏疽性阑尾炎患儿入院。盲肠位置的各种变异和蚓状突使得有必要彻底检查整个腹腔。在15名儿童中,由于存在其他急性腹部疾病而排除了OA的诊断。其中卵巢卒中3例,各种妇科疾病所致盆腔疼痛综合征5例,急性胰腺炎伴弥漫性疼痛2例,右侧肾绞痛5例。因此,研究小儿急性阑尾炎各种临床表现的病程特点,可以提高诊断的有效性,改善治疗的效果。超声检查是一种有前途的、安全的诊断急性阑尾炎的方法,可使复杂诊断的有效性达到100%,在选择治疗策略时具有重要意义。
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The Possibilities of Complex Echography in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Children
Acute appendicitis (OA) is currently the most common urgent disease of the abdominal cavity and occurs in 2-5 people per 1,000 populations. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, this indicator is 3.05 people per 1,000 populations according to the statistical materials on the activities of healthcare institutions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Children with acute appendicitis were admitted to the hospital with complaints lasting up to 12 hours - 110 (46.6%), from 12 to 24 hours - 49 (20.8%), from 24 to 48 hours - 43 (18.2%) and from 48 hours or more - 34 (14.4%) children. In children with a disease duration of more than a day, only destructive forms of inflammation of the vermiform process were recorded. After 24 hours from the onset of clinical manifestations, children with phlegmonous and gangrenous appendicitis were admitted. Various variants of the location of the cecum and the vermiform process made it necessary to thoroughly examine the entire abdominal cavity. In 15 children, the diagnosis of OA was excluded due to the presence of other acute abdominal diseases. Thus, ovarian apoplexy was observed in 3 girls, pelvic pain syndrome caused by various gynecological diseases in 5 girls, acute pancreatitis with diffuse pains in 2, an attack of renal colic on the right in 5 children. Thus, the study of the features of the course of various clinical forms of acute appendicitis in children allowed to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis and improve the results of treatment. Ultrasound examination is a promising and safe method of diagnosing acute appendicitis, which allows to bring the effectiveness of complex diagnostics to 100% and is of important importance when choosing treatment tactics.
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