除草剂胁迫后土壤微生物活性的恢复

L. Bryndina, I. Svistova, O. Baklanova
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文研究了污水污泥和木屑(生物炭)碳吸附剂对除草剂处理后土壤微生物群恢复的作用。在属水平上,原始土壤中有28个代表,其中需氧菌占35.7%。其中,盖ella和Methylotenera占优势。厌氧菌中以细络菌和粪杆菌居多。受除草剂影响的微生物比例为71.4%。32%的土壤微生物群落完全消失,39.3%在引入生物炭后恢复。微孔菌属、粪杆菌属、盖氏菌属、光杆菌属、双胞菌属的微生物数量几乎恢复到原来的水平。固氮细菌的数量增加了7.3倍。在经过除草剂处理的土壤中,具有过氧化氢酶活性的微生物比例减少或完全消失。盖菌属的成员,被称为过氧化氢酶阳性细菌,在除草剂处理的土壤中不存在。用生物炭处理土壤后,其种群数量恢复。在除草剂的作用下,孢子囊内过氧化氢酶也呈阳性,减少了4倍以上。用生物吸附剂清洁土壤可以使它们的数量恢复56%。将污水污泥和锯末中的生物炭引入土壤,激活了土壤微生物群。Shannon指数对α-多样性的评价表明,除草剂处理后土壤微生物群落的物种多样性降低了1.5倍。用生物炭净化土壤后,土壤微生物群恢复,Shannon指数为2.4。
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RESTORATION OF SOIL MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AFTER HERBICIDE STRESS
This paper presents the results of a study of carbon sorbent from sewage sludge and sawdust (biochar) effect on the restoration of soil microbiome after herbicide treatment. At the genus level, 28 representatives were found in the original soil, 35.7% of which were aerobes. Of these, Gaiella and Methylotenera predominated. Of the anaerobic - most were Veillonella and Faecalibacterium. The proportion of microorganisms affected by the herbicide was 71.4%. 32% completely disappeared from the soil microbial community, 39.3% recovered after the introduction of biochar. There was a recovery almost to the original value of microorganisms of the genera Veillonella, Faecalibacterium, Gaiella, Ilumatobacter, Gemmatimonas. The number of Azotobacter increased by 7.3 times. In the soil subjected to herbicide treatment, the proportion of microorganisms exhibiting catalase activity decreases or completely disappears. Members of the genus Gaiella, known as catalase-positive bacteria, were absent in herbicide-treated soil. Their population resumed after soil treatment with biochar, . Intrasporangium, also being catalase positive, were reduced by more than 4 times under the action of the herbicide. Cleaning the soil with a biosorbent made it possible to restore their numbers by 56%. The introduction of biochar from sewage sludge and sawdust into the soil activated the soil microbiota. The assessment of α-diversity by the Shannon index showed a 1.5-fold decrease in the species diversity of the microbial community of the soil treated with the herbicide. Cleaning the soil with biochar restored the soil microbiome, with a Shannon index of 2.4.
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