Quinoxaline as a potent heterocyclic moiety

Various novel, mild, eco-friendly and efficient methods has been developed for the preparation of quinoxaline derivatives in high yields via condensation of aromatic diamine and 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds or alphahydroxyketones in the presence of different catalyst such as CuSO4/KMno4 , iodine, phenol similarly by using different solvents such as water, ethanol. As part of current studies, we here in report efficient practical techniques likesonication (sonochemistry sythesis), heating, grinding and simple mortal-pastel methods (mechanochemistry). However, all results suggest a mild and heterogeneous nature of these mechanisms, shorter time of reaction and higher yield or similar to reported older methods, the review here is to highlight some convenient methods of synthesis with keeping an eye to their various biological importances. KEYWORDS-alphahydroxyketones, sonochemistry, antioxidantactivity. Methods for synthesis of quinoxaline: