美国在罗蒙诺索夫号卫星上进行的试验的主要结果

P. Klimov, S. Sharakin, M. Zotov, M. Bertaina, F. Fenu
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引用次数: 1

摘要

TUS探测器是第一个以超高能宇宙射线(UHECR)测量为目标的天基任务。该探测器设计用于记录地球夜间大气中形成的广泛性空气雨淋(EAS)在300-400 nm紫外范围内的荧光信号。美国卫星于2016年4月在罗蒙诺索夫卫星上发射,一直运行到2017年12月。在任务期间记录了近9万个事件,其中包括闪电放电、流星、瞬态发光事件、极地光和人为信号。在远离可能的人造光源的晴朗天空中,一些令人费解的明亮紫外线闪光也被记录下来。除此之外,在TUS数据库中还发现了一些EAS候选者。到目前为止,分析的大多数候选信号都是在靠近机场或类似物体的人口密集地区记录的,如果它们是由超高能辐射产生的,那么信号的能量至少对应于1 ZeV,这就不允许人们将这些事件视为超高能辐射。我们简要介绍了TUS实验的主要结果,并讨论了其对未来轨道任务发展的重要性。
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Main results of the TUS experiment on board the Lomonosov satellite
The TUS detector was the first space-based mission aimed for ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) measurements. The detector was designed to register the fluorescent signal of extensive air showers (EAS) developing in the night atmosphere of Earth in the UV range of 300-400 nm. TUS was launched on board the Lomonosov satellite in April, 2016 and operated till December, 2017. Almost 90 thousand events were recorded during the mission, among them lightning discharges, meteors, transient luminous events, polar lights and anthropogenic signals. Some puzzling bright UV flashes in a clear sky far from possible artificial sources were also registered. Besides this, a number of EAS candidates were found in the TUS database. The majority of candidates analysed so far were recorded above populated areas near airports or similar objects, and the energy of the signals corresponds to at least 1 ZeV if they were generated by an UHECR, which does not allow one to consider these events as UHECRs. We briefly present the main results of the TUS experiment and discuss its importance for the development of the future orbital missions.
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