朝着将恐怖主义作为一种国际犯罪来处理的新方法迈进

E. Adibe
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摘要

这项研究是根据从塔迪奇案(前南问题国际法庭,IT-94-1-A, 1999年7月15日)得出的结论得出的,即合法的司法活动是在确定法律中的差距或不明确的基础上进行的,为了司法的利益必须加以解决。恐怖主义已经根深蒂固。但是,尽管如此,在国内和国际论坛上,关于它的定义以及有效打击它的最佳策略都存在争议。在每一个角落,成员们都被鼓动劝阻、缓和和防止其发生及其对国际和平与安全的影响或威胁。国际法在很大程度上依赖于国内执法,以便将那些被指控在国内和/或跨国领域从事恐怖主义的人绳之以法。这项工作采用了对现有国际刑法的批判性和背景分析,并认为重点需要从作为犯罪事件的恐怖主义转移到使事件成为恐怖主义犯罪的个人行为。这样做的本质是为了避开更复杂的问题,即什么构成恐怖主义,其结果是国际刑事法院被剥夺了管辖权。这种做法所产生的轨迹使国际刑事法院(ICC)凭借其现行法律《罗马规约》承担管辖权,起诉这些恐怖主义行为,如谋杀、大规模处决、种族灭绝、暴力性犯罪、监禁和酷刑,这些行为属于国际刑法规定的国际罪行的门槛。关键词:恐怖主义,国际刑事法院,刑法,联合国,安理会,犯罪,罗马规约
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Towards a new approach to dealing with terrorism as an international crime
This study is born out of the conviction drawn from Tadic case (ICTY,IT-94-1-A, 15July 1999), that legitimate judicial activity proceeds on the basis of the identification of the gap or ambiguity in the law that must be resolved in the interests of justice. Terrorism has come to stay. But be it as it may, controversies exist within both domestic borders and international fora about its definition and the best strategies to effectively combat it. At every corner, embers are being fanned to dissuade, deescalate and prevent its occurrence and impact or threat to international peace and security. International law leans heavily on domestic law enforcement for the purpose of bringing to justice those accused of terrorism at both domestic and or transnational spheres. This work adopts a critical and contextual analysis of extant body of international criminal law and argues that the focus needs to shift from terrorism as a criminal event to individual acts that make an event a crime of terrorism. The essence of this is to move away from the more complex question of what constitutes terrorism, a result of which the ICC was denied jurisdiction. The trajectory resulting from this approach enables the International Criminal Court (ICC) with its extant law, the Rome Statute assume jurisdiction to prosecute these terrorist acts such as murder, mass executions, genocide, violent sexual crimes, imprisonment and torture which are within the threshold of international crimes provided in the International criminal law.   Key words: Terrorism, international criminal court, criminal law, United Nations, security council, crime, rome statute.
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