研究基础设施恢复的概念基础,以确保海洋研究在乌克兰

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的。充实和拟订概念基础,以建立一个有效的国家海洋研究系统,作为对乌克兰在黑海和亚速海的经济和军事利益提供信息支助的基本组成部分。结果。分析了乌克兰海洋研究基础设施的现状以及目前的法律框架。已经考虑了寻找解决问题的方法的问题,首先是海洋研究、恢复和运作的综合系统的原则和机制。已采取措施和步骤,在乌克兰建立可持续海洋研究国家系统。国家系统的目的是向政府和有关部委提供最新信息,以保护国家利益、加强安全、保护国家主权。提出了未来方案的具体措施清单,并将其分为三个部分:a)体制,b)建立最新的研究基础设施,c)在乌克兰专属(海洋)经济区进行研究。结论。乌克兰的研究潜力在过去十年中下降到自独立以来所有年份的最低临界水平,首先是由于克里米亚和邻近的黑海大陆架地区被俄罗斯联邦吞并。乌克兰目前为特定部委和部门的利益而采用的面向目标的海洋研究的部门资助和执行制度无法解决现有的问题。唯一的出路是制订和执行一项国家目标科学和技术方案;其主要优先事项应是解决所有黑海国家存在的一些类似的国际问题和乌克兰的国家利益。如果考虑到欧洲和世界科学的经验,不建立各自的基础设施、恢复研究船队和最新的海洋专家培训制度,就不可能建立一个最新的国家研究系统。
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Conceptual Basis for Research Infrastructure Restoration to Ensure Marine Studies in Ukraine
Purpose. Substantiation and formulation of conceptual basis to establish an effective National marine research system as a basic constituent of information support of Ukrainian economic and military interests in the Black and Azov Seas. Results. Current state of marine research infrastructures in Ukraine has been analysed, as well as the current legal framework. The issues of finding the ways to resolve the problem has been considered, first of all principles and mechanisms of an integrated system of marine studies restoration and functioning. Measures and steps have been substantiated to establish the National system of sustainable marine studies in Ukraine. The National system will be aimed at provision of the Government and the interested ministries and departments with up-to-date information for protection of National interests, enhancement of security, protection of sovereignty of the state. The list of concrete measures of the future programme has been presented and divided into three blocks: a) institutional, b) establishing of the up-to-date research infrastructure, c) performing of studies in the exclusive (marine) economic zone of Ukraine. Conclusions. Research potential of Ukraine has decreased during the past decade down to minimal critical level out of all the years since independence, first of all as the result of annexation of the Crimea and the adjacent Black Sea shelf area by Russian Federation. The departmental system of research financing and performing currently used in Ukrainian for goal-orientated marine studies in the interests of specific ministries and departments is unable to solve the existing problems. The only way out is to develop and implement a State target scientific and technical programme; its key priorities shall be solving of a number of similar international problems existing in all the Black Sea countries and the National interests of Ukraine. Establishing of a newest national research system is impossible without creation of a respective infrastructure, restoration of research fleet and an up-to-date system of marine specialists training taking into account the experience of European and world science.
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