叶酸:超越新陈代谢

M. Lucock
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引用次数: 19

摘要

强制和随意的叶酸强化可以消除这种维生素的缺乏。血液中维生素的含量从未如此之高,血液叶酸值通常超过校准的上限。合成的类似物(翼酰基单胺酸)可以防止神经管缺陷并降低同型半胱氨酸,这两个都是积极的属性,但越来越多的报道显示翼酰基单胺酸具有负相关。这包括增加患常见癌症(如结肠癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌)的风险,以及对自然杀伤细胞和关键的门卫酶二氢叶酸还原酶的抗代谢作用。然而,这篇综述采取了不同的人类生态学观点,研究了不同于维生素在维持健康和福祉中的经典代谢作用的与叶酸相关的新现象。有一种观点认为,在分子、细胞和有机体的水平上,叶酸对于将光与生命联系起来的一些重要事件是至关重要的。
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Folic Acid: Beyond Metabolism
Mandatory and discretionary fortification with folic acid is eliminating deficiency of this vitamin. Blood levels of the vitamin have never been higher, with hematologic folate values commonly exceeding the upper range of calibration. The synthetic analog (pteroylmonoglutamic acid) prevents neural tube defects and lowers homocysteine, both positive attributes, yet negative correlates of pteroylmonoglutamic acid are increasingly reported. These involve increased risk for common cancers (ie, colon, breast, prostate) and antimetabolite effects on natural killer cells and at dihydrofolate reductase, a critical gatekeeper enzyme. This review, however, takes a different, human ecological perspective, examining novel folate-related phenomena distinct from the classic metabolic role of the vitamin in maintaining health and well-being. An argument is developed that at molecular, cellular, and organism levels, folate is crucial to some important events that link light to life.
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