I. Zolnikov, A. Anoikin, E. Filatov, A. Vybornov, A. V. Vasiliev, A. V. Postnov, L. Zotkina
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引用次数: 1
摘要
这项研究的重点是早期人类在西西伯利亚平原北极地区的活动,并介绍了2020年在旧石器时代遗址Kushevat (Shuryshkarsky District, Yamal-Nenets自治区)发现的发现。提供了下Ob地区的地质地貌特征,评估了关键的新新世中晚期序列的年代学,并概述了该地区旧石器时代遗址搜索的标准。我们描述了在库舍瓦特的发现和发掘,它的地层和它的动物遗迹。通过与邻近的晚新新世关键剖面和一系列具有代表性的绝对年代对比,估计该遗址的年龄为50 ~ 35 ka BP。提供了一项可能是人类改造的驯鹿鹿角的痕迹学研究结果。在Kushevat的发现和关于欧亚大陆北部早期人类的现有信息表明,该地区有人居住部分的边界必须向北移动约200公里。因此,鄂毕河是西伯利亚最后一条主要河流之一,在那里发现了旧石器时代早期晚期文化的痕迹。分层遗址的发现是该地区旧石器时代研究的一个里程碑。动物遗骸分布的大片区域,以及在地表发现的石器的存在,表明库舍瓦特是未来对该地区早期人类居住阶段的考古研究的一个非常有前途的地点。
New Evidence of the Late Neopleistocene Peopling of the Lower Ob Valley
This study focuses on the early human occupation of the arctic part of the West Siberian Plain and introduces the finds at the Paleolithic site Kushevat (Shuryshkarsky District, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), discovered in 2020. Geological and geomorphological characteristics of the Lower Ob region are provided, the chronology of the key Middle and Late Neopleistocene sequences is assessed, and criteria underlying the search for Paleolithic sites in the area are outlined. We describe the discovery and excavations at Kushevat, its stratigraphy and its faunal remains. On the basis of correlation with neighboring key Late Neopleistocene sections with a representative series of absolute dates, the age of the site is estimated at cal 50–35 ka BP. Results of a traceological study of a possibly human-modified reindeer antler are provided. Findings at Kushevat and the available information on the early peopling of northern Eurasia suggest that the boundary of the inhabited part of that region must be shifted ~200 km to the north. The Ob, therefore, is one of the last major Siberian rivers where traces of the Early Upper Paleolithic culture have been found. The discovery of a stratified site in its lower stretch is a milestone in the Paleolithic studies in the region. A large area over which faunal remains are distributed, and the presence of lithics among the surface finds, suggest that Kushevat is a highly prospective site for future archaeological studies of the early stages in the human peopling of the region.
期刊介绍:
This international journal analyzes and presents research relating to the archaeology, ethnology and anthropology of Eurasia and contiguous regions including the Pacific Rim and the Americas. The journal publishes papers and develops discussions on a wide range of research topics including: Quaternary geology; pleistocene and Holocene paleoecology ; methodology of archaeological, anthropological and ethnographical research, including field and laboratory study techniques; early human migrations; physical anthropology; paleopopulation genetics; prehistoric art; indigenous cultures and ethnocultural processes.