Research on Relationships between the Pigment of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Frescoes and Ecological Microorganism

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes is one of the largest art treasures in the world. She has a large number of murals, sculptures, beautiful and vivid; There are precious Buddhist scriptures, documents, noble and elegant. Spanning more than 1,600 years, the Mogao Grottoes show the world the extensive and profound Chinese culture with a long history. But over time, the murals in the Mogao Grottoes have also changed a lot. Thousands of years of wind and rain erosion, changes in the surrounding environment, and the influence of various biological communities have caused serious color changes and fading of murals in Mogao Grottoes. To slow down the color change of Dunhuang frescoes, protection measures should be taken from the perspective of ecological microorganisms. At present, Cladosporium, Planococcus, Phoma, Chaetomium, and other strains have caused serious discoloration or discoloration of murals to a certain extent. This paper studies the main color of Dunhuang frescoes, red, and summarizes the discoloration factors and mechanism of red lead. On this level, one should try to keep the murals and control the indoor temperature. Humidity, people, and other factors slow the fading of the murals. But these are often insufficient to protect the integrity of the murals, so we have conducted a review of the literature to provide an updated overview of the available evidence on the subject.