玛纳斯绿洲参考蒸散量变化特征及天气效应机制分析

Yanguo Mei
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摘要

根据玛纳斯绿洲4个气象站1961 ~ 2005年的气象资料,采用Penman-Montieth公式计算了玛纳斯绿洲的日参考蒸散发(ET0),分析了年、季、月蒸散发的特征和变化趋势,并用统计方法探讨了影响ET0的主要因素。结果表明:近45 a来玛纳斯绿洲的ET0在木锁湾、保台、乌兰乌苏气象站和石河子气象站略有减少;7月和8月的ET0为年内最高,12月和1月的ET0为年内最低。3个气象站影响ET0的主要因子序列依次为风速(U2)、日照时间(Ta)、平均气温(Ta)和相对湿度(H),另1个气象站依次为Ta、Ta、U2、H。
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Analysis of the change characteristics and the weather effect mechanism of reference evapotranspiration in Manasi oasis
Based on the meteorological data of the four weather stations in Manasi oasis from 1961 to 2005, daily reference evapotranspiration (ET0) was calculated by the Penman-Montieth formula, the characteristics and trend of ET0 with yearly, seasonal and monthly value were analyzed, and the main factors affected ET0 were discussed with statistic method also. The results show that the ET0 in Manasi oasis is decreased slightly over the past 45 years in Muosuowan, Paotai, Wulanwusu weather stations and Shihezi was reverse. The ET0 in July and August is the highest and that of in December and January is the lowest in the year. The sequences of the main factors affected ET0 are wind velocity (U2), sunshine time (Ta), average temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (H) in three weather stations and another station is Ta, Ta, U2, H.
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