芒草处理后硝酸溶液对种子豌豆生长的调节作用

М. А. Скиба, E. A. Skiba, Maria A. Skiba, Olga I. Pyatunina
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引用次数: 2

摘要

摘要:在世界范围内,芒草被定位为一种极具发展前景和可快速再生的含纤维素原料,可用于生产大量化学和生物技术合成物质。俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院化学和能源技术问题研究所一直在开发自己的方法,使用稀释的硝酸溶液处理芒草。而废液(液相)的量是目标产物(固相)的20倍,用于酶解和进一步的微生物合成生物乙醇、细菌纤维素和其他有价值的产物。假设用芒草处理后的硝酸溶液经水合铵中和后(以下简称制剂)为复合木腐殖质肥料。为了验证这一假设,需要以播种豌豆种子为例研究该制剂的生长调节活性。结果表明,根据稀释程度和暴露时间的不同,该制剂以两种方式起作用:要么作为兴奋剂,要么作为生长抑制剂。因此,当稀释率为1:10时,该制剂起到抑制剂的作用,当稀释率为1:10 000时,其作用停止。当稀释率在1:100 ~ 1:10 000之间时,发芽量和发芽率比对照提高2-6%,对根系生长的促进作用提高21-29%,即具有生长素样的促生长作用。随着时间的延长,在第4天,该制剂表现出生长抑制作用,表现为播种豌豆的发芽量和发芽率下降,茎和根的长度下降。这种新制剂在一定条件下显示出刺激生长的活性,据说证实了它是一种复合木腐殖质肥料的假设。
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Nitric acid solution after treating miscanthus as a growth regulator of seed peas (Pisum sativum L.)
Abstract: All over the world, miscanthus is positioned as an extremely promising and rapidly renewable cellulose- containing raw material for the production of a large number of substances of chemical and biotechnological synthesis. The Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch оf the Russian Academy of Sciences has been developing its own methods of treating miscanthus using diluted solutions of nitric acid. While the amount of a waste solution (liquid phase) is 20 times greater than the target product — a solid phase -- intended for enzymatic hydrolysis and further microbiological synthesis of bioethanol, bacterial cellulose and other valuable products. The hypothesis states that a nitric acid solution after treatment with miscanthus, which was neutralized with ammonium hydrate (hereinafter referred to as the preparation), is a combined lignohumic fertilizer. Testing this hypothesis has required studying the growth-regulating activity of the preparation using the example of sowing pea seeds. The results show that, depending on the degree of dilution and the exposure time, the preparation acts in two ways: either as a stimulant or as a growth inhibitor. Thus, at a dilution rate of 1:10, the preparation acts as an inhibitor, and at a dilution rate of 1:1,000,000, its effect ceases. The working range includes the dilution rate between 1:100 and 1:10,000, when an increase in germination energy and rate is observed by 2–6% compared to the control and root growth is stimulated by 21–29%, i.e. an auxin-like growth-stimulating effect is observed. With prolonged endurance during the 4th day, the preparation showed a growth-inhibiting effect, indicated by the decrease in the germination energy and rate, the length of the stems and roots of the sowing pea. The new preparation showing growth-stimulating activity under certain conditions, supposedly confirms the hypothesis that it is a combined lignohumic fertilizer.
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