Renin-angiotensin system: known scientific facts and modern conception of cardiometabolic effects

The article is devoted to review of published sources regarding the identification of renin-angiotensin system components and their trigger role in pathophysiological processes with transformation in cardiovascular diseases and metabolic dysfunction. Based on definition of biological effects the modern interpretation of the distribution the multifunctional complex in two parts as classical axis and non-classical axis of renin-angiotensin system is shown. The injure actions of classical axis of renin-angiotensin system with vasoconstriction, activation of proinflammatory cascade, oxidant stress, proliferative processes, violation of glucose and lipid homeostasis, cardiovascular remodeling, heart failure, insulin resistance, obesity are emphasized. The special attention is paid to the description of counterregulatory actions related to angiotensin ІІ of renin-angiotensin system alternative axis for protection of cardiovascular diseases, correction of metabolic disorders. Taking in account the results of experimental and clinical investigation is presented the argumentation for evaluation of agonists and antagonists relevant to alternative renin-angiotensin system components aimed to creation the novel class of pharmacological agents with future implementation in clinical practice.