在不透水岩石水力压裂返排废水中培养耐烃类微藻

Giovanni Antonio Lutzu, A. Concas, N. Dunford
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摘要

为了开采石油或天然气,对不透水岩层进行水力压裂,每年都会产生大量的废水。返排废水(FWs)的特点是无机污染物和碳氢化合物含量高,因此对环境构成相关威胁。本文在水力压裂返排水中培养了3种耐烃类微藻,研究了它们的生长动力学。这三种菌株都可以在FWs中生长,而不考虑石油碳氢化合物的存在。不同菌株间生物量生产力差异显著。在指数期,黑单胞菌的比生长率为0.386 d -1,批量培养11天后,其生物量生产力达到了39 mg L-1 day-1。经过25天左右的培养,双形情景蝇能够在FWs中生长,生物量浓度达到0.5 g L-1。与此相反,藻原鱼受浮游生物污染物的影响较大。最终,本研究表明,特定的微藻菌株可以在浮游生物中茁壮成长,因此为未来的研究活动提供了合适的候选菌株,旨在验证生物修复这些有害浮游生物的可能性。
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Cultivation of hydrocarbon-tolerant microalgae in flowback wastewaters produced during hydrofracking of impermeable rocks
Huge amounts of Wastewaters (WWs) are produced yearly by the hydrofracking of impermeable rock formations for the extraction of oil or natural gas. Flowback Wastewaters (FWs) are characterized by high contents of inorganic contaminants and hydrocarbons thus representing a relevant threat for the environment. In this work three hydrocarbon-tolerant microalgae have been cultivated in flowback water generated during hydraulic fracturing to investigate their growth kinetics. All three strains could grow in FWs irrespective of the presence of oil hydrocarbons. Biomass productivity varied significantly among the strains. Ochromonas danica achieved a specific growth rate equal to 0.386 day-1 during the exponential phase and a maximum biomass productivity equal to 39 mg L-1 day-1 after 11 days of batch cultivation. Scenedesmus dimorphus was capable to grow in the FWs by achieving a biomass concentration equal to 0.5 g L-1 after about 25 days of cultivation. On the contrary, Prototheca zopfii was strongly affected by the contaminants of FWs. Ultimately, this study demonstrated that specific strains of microalgae could thrive in FWs and thus represent suitable candidates to future research activity aimed to verify the possibility to bio-remediate these harmful WWs.
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