海洋和海洋-大气界面的生物地球化学过程

A. Saliot
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引用次数: 3

摘要

海洋可以看作是一个化学反应器,其能量来源是来自大陆和海洋的各种物质输入。在各种元素中,碳扮演着关键的角色,因为它既参与无机形式,如二氧化碳,也参与有机形式,如通过光合作用合成的化合物。因此,海洋目前在气候变化和海洋-大气交换过程中是一个积极的行动者。这篇综述将提出一些见解:1)碳循环的示意图,重点是海洋和大气之间的二氧化碳交换以及这个循环的有机部分;2)与二氧化碳生物泵相关的概念,详细介绍光合作用;3)导致海洋省存在的概念以及公海和沿海地区的相关生产力;4)解决以下问题:就有机碳的输出和沉积物中的固存而言,二氧化碳生物泵的净效率是多少? 5)海洋和大气交界处发生的生物地球化学过程的具体方面。
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Biogeochemical processes in the ocean and at the ocean-atmosphere interface
The ocean can be considered as a chemical reactor, whose energy sources are the various matter inputs originating from the continent and the ocean. Among various elements, carbon plays a key role as it is involved in both inorganic form as CO 2 and organic forms such as compounds synthesized through photosynthesis. Thus, the ocean is presently an active actor in climate change and ocean-atmosphere exchange processes. This review will present some insights into: 1) schematic representations of the carbon cycle, with emphasis on CO 2 exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere and to the organic parts of this cycle, 2) concepts relative to the biological pump of CO 2 , with a detailed view on photosynthesis, 3) concepts leading to the existence of oceanic provinces and associated productivity for open sea and coastal areas, 4) addressing the question: what is the net efficiency of the biological pump of CO 2 in terms of exportation of organic carbon and sequestration in sediments and 5) specific aspects on biogeochemical processes occurring at the boundary between the ocean and the atmosphere.
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