Management of invasive mold infections: An Indian perspective review

Invasive mold infections (IMIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized and immunocompromised patients. Over the last decade, the incidence of IMIs has increased at an alarming rate in India. Radiology, histopathology, and validated biomarkers play an important role in the diagnosis of IMIs, including aspergillosis and mucormycosis. Despite major advances in the field of diagnostics, newer diagnostic aids are not available in India. Further, the cost is a major consideration in the Indian context. While antifungal therapies are the mainstay of treatment for aspergillosis, surgery along with antifungal therapy is the mainstay treatment for patients with mucormycosis. Furthermore, there is a paucity of data regarding the diagnosis and management of IMIs, especially in India. This study presents an expert opinion on the diagnosis and management of IMIs in Indian settings. The key opinions proposed by the subject expert group are summarized in this paper.