Bacterial nanocellulose and long-chain fatty acids interaction

Chronic wounds are a big challenge in contemporary society, as they lead to a decrease in life-quality, amputations and even death. Infections and biofilm formation might occur with chronic wounds, due to the higher susceptibility to antibiotic multi-resistant bacteria. In this situation, novel wound dressing biomaterials are needed for treatment. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate a possible BNC interaction with tucumã oil/butter-derived fatty acids, as this system could be a promising biomaterial for wound treating. The interaction between  cellobiose (BNC basic unit) and four fatty acids was evaluated by ab initio simulations and density functional theory (DFT), through SIESTA code. Molecular docking was also used to investigate the effect of a possible releasing of the studied fatty acids to the quorum-sensing proteins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram-negative bacterium) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacterium). According to ab initio simulations, the interaction between cellobiose and fatty acids derived from tucumã oil/butter was suggested due to physical adsorption (energy around 0.17-1.33 eV) of the lipidic structures into cellobiose. A great binding affinity (∆G ranging from 4.2-8.2 kcal.mol-1) was observed for both protonated and deprotonated fatty acids against P. aeruginosa (LasI, LasA and Rhlr) and S. aureus (ArgA and ArgC) quorum-sensing proteins, indicating that these bioactive compounds might act as potential antimicrobial and/or antibiofilm agents in the proposed system. Hence, from a theoretical viewpoint, the proposed system could be a promising raw biomaterial in the production of chronic wound dressings.