ZnO纳米颗粒的生物合成及其作为生物活性剂的应用综述

Reactions Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI:10.3390/reactions3030030
M. C. Sportelli, C. Gaudiuso, Annalisa Volpe, Margherita Izzi, R. Picca, A. Ancona, N. Cioffi
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引用次数: 6

摘要

氧化锌是一种对人体安全的材料,具有很高的生物相容性和可以忽略的细胞毒性。有趣的是,它对细菌,病毒,真菌等表现出卓越的抗菌活性,特别是当缩小到纳米尺寸时。由于其特性,它很容易理解,在这个大流行时代,它处于安全抗微生物药物的前沿。此外,根据欧盟委员会宣布的2022年欧洲绿色协议,甚至科学和纳米技术也在朝着“更环保”的方法合成纳米颗粒。其中,生物源氧化锌纳米颗粒在生物应用和环境修复方面得到了广泛的研究。植物、藻类、真菌、酵母等(由天然存在的生物分子组成)在生物生成过程中,在形成具有不同形状和大小的纳米颗粒方面发挥着积极作用。本文综述了氧化锌纳米颗粒的生物合成,重点介绍了其生物活性和抗菌应用。
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Biogenic Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Application as Bioactive Agents: A Critical Overview
Zinc oxide is a safe material for humans, with high biocompatibility and negligible cytotoxicity. Interestingly, it shows exceptional antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc., especially when reduced to the nanometer size. As it is easily understandable, thanks to its properties, it is at the forefront of safe antimicrobials in this pandemic era. Besides, in the view of the 2022 European Green Deal announced by the European Commission, even science and nanotechnology are moving towards “greener” approaches to the synthesis of nanoparticles. Among them, biogenic ZnO nanoparticles have been extensively studied for their biological applications and environmental remediation. Plants, algae, fungi, yeast, etc., (which are composed of naturally occurring biomolecules) play, in biogenic processes, an active role in the formation of nanoparticles with distinct shapes and sizes. The present review targets the biogenic synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, with a specific focus on their bioactive properties and antimicrobial application.
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