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引用次数: 0
摘要
保罗·洛克(Paul Rock, 1998)对凶杀案的次要受害者的研究中捕捉到了愤怒和仇恨。海沃德所谴责的控制的“过度平庸化”,很大程度上是由于受害者不愿意为罪犯付出代价,让他们获得本体论的安全,并以牺牲自己为代价来控制自己的命运。情境性犯罪预防被认为是适得其反的,在很多方面都是正确的:但是如果不重视这一因素,就很难解释犯罪率下降的原因。还有一种倾向是贬低所谓的正统犯罪学所取得的成就。例如,肯·皮斯(Ken Pease)关于入室盗窃的重复受害的研究可以说使成千上万的家庭免于痛苦、恐惧和不安全感。此外,如果被认为是因果关系的趋势对人们的生活有如此大的影响——几乎没有证据表明这种影响——那么在过去的10年里,犯罪率应该是上升的,而不是下降的。然而,总的来说,尽管有这些批评,这本书和它的同伴卷(Ferrell et al., 2004)是犯罪学中被过度边缘化的许多东西的复兴。它也是一种恢复,在某种程度上是越轨社会学跨学科范围的进步。
Book Review: Reclaiming the Streets: Surveillance, Social Control and the City
anger and hatred captured in Paul Rock’s (1998) study of secondary victims of homicide. And much of the ‘hyper-banalization’ of control deplored by Hayward is due to the reluctance of victims to pay the price for offenders achieving ontological security, and control of their own destinies, at their expense. Situational crime prevention is viewed as counter-productive, rightly so in many ways: but it is difficult to explain falling crime rates without some weight being placed on that factor. There is also a tendency to belittle what has been achieved by so-called orthodox criminology. For example, Ken Pease’s work on repeat victimization by burglary has arguably spared many thousands of householders a great deal of pain, fear and insecurity. Moreover, if the trends distinguished as causal hold such sway over people’s lives—and little evidence is assembled to that effect—crime rates should have been rising, not falling, in general over the past 10 years. Overall, however, and despite these criticisms, this book—and its companion volume (Ferrell et al., 2004)—is a revitalization of much that has been unduly sidelined in criminology. It is also a recovery and in some ways an advance in the inter-disciplinary scope of the sociology of deviance.