E. Vall, P. Salgado, Christian Corniaux, Mélanie Blanchard, Céline Dutilly, V. Alary
{"title":"非洲畜牧业系统的变化和创新","authors":"E. Vall, P. Salgado, Christian Corniaux, Mélanie Blanchard, Céline Dutilly, V. Alary","doi":"10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.2.3064","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"francaisEn Afrique, les productions animales font face a une evolution importante de la demande et sont en proie a de multiples changements. Les systemes d'elevage du futur devront etre a la fois plus productifs et respectueux de l'environnement et pour cela les eleveurs devront innover. Ajourd'hui les systemes agro-pastoraux deviennent majoritaires, le pastoralisme se maintient notamment dans les zones arides, et les elevages periurbains et specialises prennent de l'importance. Les changements locaux et globaux survenus au cours des 50 dernieres annees creent davantage de contraintes mais offrent de nouvelles opportunites. Des innovations sont a l'oeuvre. En zone pastoralle, elles concernent principalement la gestion des essources et la mobilite du betail, en zone agro-pastorale la diversification et l'integration agriculture-elevage, en zone periurbaine la specialisation et l'intensification de la production. Difficiles a deceler, lentes et progressives, les innovations favorisent la maitrise du changement et doivent etre encouragees et stimulees pour repondre aux enjeux de l'elevage. Les perspectives offertes par les realites actuelles de l'elevage africain (faible productivite et progression rapide de la demande) devraient lui assurer un marche et des marges de progression significatives. Toutefois, ceci ne pourra se realiser que moyennant la poursuite des reformes institutionnelles, une implication directe des organisations de producteurs, des termes du marche plus securises et l'amelioration de l'appui technique. EnglishIn Africa, animal production is facing a significant demand evolution and is marked by many changes. In the future, livestock systems should be more productive and environmentally friendly. In order to do so breeders have to innovate. Agro-pastoral systems occupy and increasingly important place, pastoralism continues especially in arid areas and peri-urgan and specialized breeding are gaining importance. Local and global changes, over the past 50 years, create more constraints but offer new opportunities. Innovations are at work. In pastoral areas, they mainly concern the management of resources and mobility of livestock, in agro-pastoral area diversification and crop-livestock integration, and in peri-urban area specialization and intensification of production. Difficult to detect, slow and incremental, innovations promote the mastery of change and should be encouraged and stimulated to meet the challenges of animal husbandry. The opportunities offered by the current realities of African husbandry (low productivity and rapid growth in demand) should guarantee a market and significant margins of progression. However, this can be achieved through the continuation of institutional reforms, the direct involvement of producer organizations, the terms of the market more secure, improved technical support.","PeriodicalId":49664,"journal":{"name":"Inra Productions Animales","volume":"8 1","pages":"161-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Changements et innovations dans les systèmes d'élevage en Afrique\",\"authors\":\"E. Vall, P. Salgado, Christian Corniaux, Mélanie Blanchard, Céline Dutilly, V. Alary\",\"doi\":\"10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.2.3064\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"francaisEn Afrique, les productions animales font face a une evolution importante de la demande et sont en proie a de multiples changements. Les systemes d'elevage du futur devront etre a la fois plus productifs et respectueux de l'environnement et pour cela les eleveurs devront innover. Ajourd'hui les systemes agro-pastoraux deviennent majoritaires, le pastoralisme se maintient notamment dans les zones arides, et les elevages periurbains et specialises prennent de l'importance. Les changements locaux et globaux survenus au cours des 50 dernieres annees creent davantage de contraintes mais offrent de nouvelles opportunites. Des innovations sont a l'oeuvre. En zone pastoralle, elles concernent principalement la gestion des essources et la mobilite du betail, en zone agro-pastorale la diversification et l'integration agriculture-elevage, en zone periurbaine la specialisation et l'intensification de la production. Difficiles a deceler, lentes et progressives, les innovations favorisent la maitrise du changement et doivent etre encouragees et stimulees pour repondre aux enjeux de l'elevage. Les perspectives offertes par les realites actuelles de l'elevage africain (faible productivite et progression rapide de la demande) devraient lui assurer un marche et des marges de progression significatives. Toutefois, ceci ne pourra se realiser que moyennant la poursuite des reformes institutionnelles, une implication directe des organisations de producteurs, des termes du marche plus securises et l'amelioration de l'appui technique. EnglishIn Africa, animal production is facing a significant demand evolution and is marked by many changes. In the future, livestock systems should be more productive and environmentally friendly. In order to do so breeders have to innovate. Agro-pastoral systems occupy and increasingly important place, pastoralism continues especially in arid areas and peri-urgan and specialized breeding are gaining importance. Local and global changes, over the past 50 years, create more constraints but offer new opportunities. Innovations are at work. In pastoral areas, they mainly concern the management of resources and mobility of livestock, in agro-pastoral area diversification and crop-livestock integration, and in peri-urban area specialization and intensification of production. Difficult to detect, slow and incremental, innovations promote the mastery of change and should be encouraged and stimulated to meet the challenges of animal husbandry. The opportunities offered by the current realities of African husbandry (low productivity and rapid growth in demand) should guarantee a market and significant margins of progression. However, this can be achieved through the continuation of institutional reforms, the direct involvement of producer organizations, the terms of the market more secure, improved technical support.\",\"PeriodicalId\":49664,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Inra Productions Animales\",\"volume\":\"8 1\",\"pages\":\"161-174\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2014-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"4\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Inra Productions Animales\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.2.3064\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"Agricultural and Biological Sciences\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Inra Productions Animales","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.2.3064","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
Changements et innovations dans les systèmes d'élevage en Afrique
francaisEn Afrique, les productions animales font face a une evolution importante de la demande et sont en proie a de multiples changements. Les systemes d'elevage du futur devront etre a la fois plus productifs et respectueux de l'environnement et pour cela les eleveurs devront innover. Ajourd'hui les systemes agro-pastoraux deviennent majoritaires, le pastoralisme se maintient notamment dans les zones arides, et les elevages periurbains et specialises prennent de l'importance. Les changements locaux et globaux survenus au cours des 50 dernieres annees creent davantage de contraintes mais offrent de nouvelles opportunites. Des innovations sont a l'oeuvre. En zone pastoralle, elles concernent principalement la gestion des essources et la mobilite du betail, en zone agro-pastorale la diversification et l'integration agriculture-elevage, en zone periurbaine la specialisation et l'intensification de la production. Difficiles a deceler, lentes et progressives, les innovations favorisent la maitrise du changement et doivent etre encouragees et stimulees pour repondre aux enjeux de l'elevage. Les perspectives offertes par les realites actuelles de l'elevage africain (faible productivite et progression rapide de la demande) devraient lui assurer un marche et des marges de progression significatives. Toutefois, ceci ne pourra se realiser que moyennant la poursuite des reformes institutionnelles, une implication directe des organisations de producteurs, des termes du marche plus securises et l'amelioration de l'appui technique. EnglishIn Africa, animal production is facing a significant demand evolution and is marked by many changes. In the future, livestock systems should be more productive and environmentally friendly. In order to do so breeders have to innovate. Agro-pastoral systems occupy and increasingly important place, pastoralism continues especially in arid areas and peri-urgan and specialized breeding are gaining importance. Local and global changes, over the past 50 years, create more constraints but offer new opportunities. Innovations are at work. In pastoral areas, they mainly concern the management of resources and mobility of livestock, in agro-pastoral area diversification and crop-livestock integration, and in peri-urban area specialization and intensification of production. Difficult to detect, slow and incremental, innovations promote the mastery of change and should be encouraged and stimulated to meet the challenges of animal husbandry. The opportunities offered by the current realities of African husbandry (low productivity and rapid growth in demand) should guarantee a market and significant margins of progression. However, this can be achieved through the continuation of institutional reforms, the direct involvement of producer organizations, the terms of the market more secure, improved technical support.
期刊介绍:
This journal publishes scientific update reports, results of experiments and their possible applications, analyses on topical issues and presentation of research, information on scientific events and new publications.
INRA Productions Animales deals with all species of zootechnical interest (herbivores, monogastrics and fish), covering feed and nutrition, physiology, pathology, genetics, production techniques, product quality and production economics.