Proton Transfer Equilibria and Critical Behavior of H-Bonding

The aim of the present paper is an analysis of the hydrogen bond properties for the acid-base systems depending on the ability to the proton transfer in the formulation of the Bronsted approach. After definition of the proton transfer equilibrium expressed by using the equation log𝐾PT=𝜉Δ𝑝𝐾𝑁, various examples of different physical properties, such as dipole moments, IR spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonances, are presented which correlate with the Δ𝑝𝐾𝑁 value. In such a way, a critical state of hydrogen bonding can be defined that corresponds to the potential of the proton motion for either single minimum or double minimum with low barrier. A particular attention in this paper found electronic spectra which have not been analysed so far and the quantitative analysis of the vibrational polarizability which can reach very high values of the order of electronic polarizability.